TheRepo/TheLabs/Camera.cs

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-using OpenTK.Mathematics;
-
-namespace TheLabs;
-
-public class Camera
-{
-    public Vector3 _position = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, -3.0f);
-    public Vector3 _target = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f);
-    public Vector3 _up;
-    
-    public Camera(Vector3 position, Vector3 target, Vector3 up)
-    {
-        _position = position;
-        _target = target;
-        _up = up;
-    }
-    
-    public Matrix4 LookAt()
-    {
-        return Matrix4.LookAt(_position, _position + _target, _up);
-    }
-    
-    
-}

TheRepo/TheLabs/MyExampleWindow.cs

@@ -17,11 +17,9 @@ namespace TheLabs
         // OpenGL only supports rendering in 3D, so to create a flat triangle, the Z coordinate will be kept as 0.
 
         private Shader _shader;
-        private Camera _camera;
+        
         // - Resources that only need to be created once
         private Mesh _cubeMesh;
-        private Mesh _circleMesh;
-        private Mesh _cylinderMesh;
         private Texture _cubeTexture;
         private Texture _cubeTexture2;
         private float _rotation;
@@ -29,9 +27,6 @@ namespace TheLabs
         // -- Scene Objects
         private RenderObject _cubeObject;
         private RenderObject _cubeObject2;
-        private RenderObject _circleObject;
-        private RenderObject _cylinderObject;
-        private Bus _bus;
         
         private Vector3 _cameraPosition = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, -3.0f);
         private Vector3 _cameraFront = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f);
@@ -65,17 +60,17 @@ namespace TheLabs
             // Set The background color to a nice blue.
             GL.ClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f); 
             GL.Enable(EnableCap.DepthTest);
-            _camera = new Camera(_cameraPosition, _cameraFront, _cameraUp);
-            
             CursorState = CursorState.Grabbed;
-            
             _shader = new Shader("Shaders/shader.vert", "Shaders/shader.frag");
-            _cubeTexture = new Texture("Textures/placeholder.png");
+            _cubeMesh = ShapeFactory.CreateTexturedCube();
+            _cubeTexture = new Texture("Textures/stone.jpg");
             _cubeTexture2 = new Texture("Textures/placeholder.png");
-            
+            _cubeObject = new RenderObject(_cubeMesh, _shader, _cubeTexture);
-            _bus = new Bus(_cubeTexture, _shader);
+            _cubeObject2 = new RenderObject(_cubeMesh, _shader, _cubeTexture2);
-            
+            _cubeObject.Position = new Vector3(-1.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
-            
+            _cubeObject2.Position = new Vector3(1.5f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
+            _cubeObject.Scale = new Vector3(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f);
+            _cubeObject2.Scale = new Vector3(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f);
             
 
         }
@@ -87,11 +82,11 @@ namespace TheLabs
             base.OnRenderFrame(e);
             // Clear the color buffer and the depth buffer
             GL.Clear(ClearBufferMask.DepthBufferBit | ClearBufferMask.ColorBufferBit);
-            //_cubeObject.Rotation = Quaternion.FromEulerAngles(_rotation * 0.5f, _rotation, 0); //
+            _cubeObject.Rotation = Quaternion.FromEulerAngles(_rotation * 0.5f, _rotation, 0); //
-            //_cubeObject2.Rotation = Quaternion.FromEulerAngles(-_rotation * 0.5f, -_rotation, 0);
+            _cubeObject2.Rotation = Quaternion.FromEulerAngles(-_rotation * 0.5f, -_rotation, 0);
             
             // --- Set up Camera ---
-            Matrix4 view = _camera.LookAt();        
+            Matrix4 view = Matrix4.LookAt(_cameraPosition, _cameraPosition + _cameraFront, _cameraUp);            
             float aspectRatio = (float)Size.X / Size.Y;
 
             // 2. Add a safety check for divide-by-zero
@@ -106,8 +101,8 @@ namespace TheLabs
                 100.0f
             );
             
-            // --- Draw Scene Objects ---
+            _cubeObject.Draw(view, projection);
-            _bus.DrawBus(view, projection);
+            _cubeObject2.Draw(view, projection);
             
             SwapBuffers();
         }
@@ -167,16 +162,15 @@ namespace TheLabs
         }
             _pitch = MathHelper.Clamp(_pitch, -89.0f, 89.0f);
             Vector3 front;
-            _camera._target.X = MathF.Cos(MathHelper.DegreesToRadians(_yaw)) * MathF.Cos(MathHelper.DegreesToRadians(_pitch));
+            front.X = MathF.Cos(MathHelper.DegreesToRadians(_yaw)) * MathF.Cos(MathHelper.DegreesToRadians(_pitch));
-            _camera._target.Y = MathF.Sin(MathHelper.DegreesToRadians(_pitch));
+            front.Y = MathF.Sin(MathHelper.DegreesToRadians(_pitch));
-            _camera._target.Z = MathF.Sin(MathHelper.DegreesToRadians(_yaw)) * MathF.Cos(MathHelper.DegreesToRadians(_pitch));
+            front.Z = MathF.Sin(MathHelper.DegreesToRadians(_yaw)) * MathF.Cos(MathHelper.DegreesToRadians(_pitch));
-            
+            _cameraFront = Vector3.Normalize(front);
-            _cameraFront = Vector3.Normalize(_camera._target);
+            var _cameraRight = Vector3.Normalize(Vector3.Cross(_cameraFront, _cameraUp));            
-            var _cameraRight = Vector3.Normalize(Vector3.Cross(_cameraFront, _camera._up));            
+            if (input.IsKeyDown(Keys.W)) _cameraPosition += _cameraFront * _cameraSpeed * (float)e.Time;
-            if (input.IsKeyDown(Keys.W)) _camera._position += _cameraFront * _cameraSpeed * (float)e.Time;
+            if (input.IsKeyDown(Keys.S)) _cameraPosition -= _cameraFront * _cameraSpeed * (float)e.Time;
-            if (input.IsKeyDown(Keys.S)) _camera._position -= _cameraFront * _cameraSpeed * (float)e.Time;
+            if (input.IsKeyDown(Keys.A)) _cameraPosition -= _cameraRight * _cameraSpeed * (float)e.Time;
-            if (input.IsKeyDown(Keys.A)) _camera._position -= _cameraRight * _cameraSpeed * (float)e.Time;
+            if (input.IsKeyDown(Keys.D)) _cameraPosition += _cameraRight * _cameraSpeed * (float)e.Time;
-            if (input.IsKeyDown(Keys.D)) _camera._position += _cameraRight * _cameraSpeed * (float)e.Time;
         
         }
         

TheRepo/TheLabs/Program.cs

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ namespace TheLabs
         {
             var nativeWindowSettings = new NativeWindowSettings
             {
-                Size = new Vector2i(1920, 1080),
+                Size = new Vector2i(800, 600),
                 Title = "My OpenTK Example Program"
             };
             MyVector myVector = new MyVector(30, 40, 0);

TheRepo/TheLabs/RenderObject.cs

@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ public class RenderObject
     public Texture Texture; 
     
     public Vector3 Position = Vector3.Zero;
-    public Matrix4 Transform = Matrix4.Identity;
     public Quaternion Rotation = Quaternion.Identity;
     public Vector3 Scale = Vector3.One;
 

TheRepo/TheLabs/ShapeFactory.cs

@@ -66,60 +66,6 @@ public static class ShapeFactory
         return new Mesh(vertices, indices, Mesh.VertexLayout.PosTex);
     }
 
-    public static Mesh CreateColouredCircle()
-    {
-        float[] vertices = {
-            
-
-        };
-        
-        int segments = 100;
-        for (int i = 0; i <= segments; i++)
-        {
-
-            float angle = i * 2.0f * MathF.PI / segments;
-            float x = 0.5f * MathF.Cos(angle);
-            float y = 0.5f * MathF.Sin(angle);
-            
-            Array.Resize(ref vertices, vertices.Length + 7);
-            vertices[^7] = x;
-            vertices[^6] = y;
-            vertices[^5] = 0f;
-
-        }
-        
-        return new Mesh(vertices, Mesh.VertexLayout.PosColor);
-    }
-    
-    public static Mesh CreateTexturedCircle()
-    {
-        var vertices = new List<float>();
-        
-        int segments = 100;
-        
-        vertices.Add(0f); // Center X
-        vertices.Add(0f); // Center Y
-        vertices.Add(0f); // Center Z
-        vertices.Add(0.5f); // Center U
-        vertices.Add(0.5f); // Center V
-        for (int i = 0; i <= segments; i++)
-        {
-
-            float angle = i * 2.0f * MathF.PI / segments;
-            float x = 0.5f * MathF.Cos(angle);
-            float y = 0.5f * MathF.Sin(angle);
-            
-            vertices.Add(x); // X
-            vertices.Add(y); // Y
-            vertices.Add(0f); // Z
-            vertices.Add((x + 0.5f)); // U
-            vertices.Add((y + 0.5f)); // V
-            
-        }
-        
-        return new Mesh(vertices.ToArray(), Mesh.VertexLayout.PosTex);
-    }
-
     public static Mesh CreateColorCube()
     {
         float[] vertices = {
@@ -165,92 +111,8 @@ public static class ShapeFactory
         return new Mesh(vertices, indices, Mesh.VertexLayout.PosColor);
     }
     
-    public static Mesh CreateTexturedCylinder(int segments = 32, float height = 1.0f, float radius = 0.5f)
+    // You'd also add CreateCircle, CreateCylinder, etc.
-    {
+    // Your Cylinder should be ONE mesh, not 3 draw calls.
-        var vertices = new List<float>();
+    // Generate the top, bottom, and side vertices into one
-        var indices = new List<uint>();
+    // big array and use one EBO for all of it.
-        uint vertexIndex = 0;
-        
-        float halfHeight = height / 2.0f;
-        uint topCenterIndex = vertexIndex;
-        vertices.AddRange(new[]
-        {
-            0.0f, halfHeight, 0.0f, // Position
-            0.5f, 0.5f
-        }); // Top center vertex
-        
-        vertexIndex++;
-        
-        uint topStartIndex = vertexIndex;
-        
-        for (int i = 0; i <= segments; i++)
-        {
-            float angle = i * 2.0f * MathF.PI / segments;
-            float x = radius * MathF.Cos(angle);
-            float z = radius * MathF.Sin(angle);
-                
-            // UV coordinates are mapped from model space (-0.5 to +0.5)
-            // to texture space (0.0 to 1.0)
-            float u = x / (radius * 2) + 0.5f;
-            float v = z / (radius * 2) + 0.5f;
-                
-            vertices.AddRange(new[] { x, halfHeight, z, u, v });
-            vertexIndex++;
-        }
-        
-        // Add Top Cap Indices (Triangle Fan)
-        for (int i = 0; i < segments; i++)
-        {
-            indices.Add(topCenterIndex);
-            indices.Add(topStartIndex + (uint)i);
-            indices.Add(topStartIndex + (uint)((i + 1) % segments)); // Wrap around
-        }
-        
-        uint sideStartIndex = vertexIndex;
-            
-        // Loop from 0 to segments (inclusive) to get (segments + 1)
-        // vertices for wrapping the texture seamlessly.
-        for (int i = 0; i <= segments; i++)
-        {
-            float angle = i * 2.0f * MathF.PI / segments;
-            float x = radius * MathF.Cos(angle);
-            float z = radius * MathF.Sin(angle);
-                
-            // The U coordinate goes from 0.0 to 1.0 around the cylinder
-            float u = (float)i / segments;
-                
-            // Add Top Side Vertex
-            vertices.AddRange(new[] { x, halfHeight, z, u, 1.0f }); // V = 1.0 (top)
-            vertexIndex++;
-                
-            // Add Bottom Side Vertex
-            vertices.AddRange(new[] { x, -halfHeight, z, u, 0.0f }); // V = 0.0 (bottom)
-            vertexIndex++;
-        }
-        // Add Side Wall Indices (Quad Strip)
-        for (int i = 0; i < segments; i++)
-        {
-            // Each segment has 2 vertices (top, bottom)
-            // We reference the vertices we just created.
-            uint topCurrent = sideStartIndex + (uint)(i * 2);
-            uint bottomCurrent = topCurrent + 1;
-            uint topNext = sideStartIndex + (uint)((i + 1) * 2);
-            uint bottomNext = topNext + 1;
-
-            // Triangle 1 (CCW)
-            indices.Add(topCurrent);
-            indices.Add(bottomCurrent);
-            indices.Add(topNext);
-                
-            // Triangle 2 (CCW)
-            indices.Add(bottomCurrent);
-            indices.Add(bottomNext);
-            indices.Add(topNext);
-        }
-
-        // --- 4. Create the Mesh ---
-        return new Mesh(vertices.ToArray(), indices.ToArray(), Mesh.VertexLayout.PosTex);
-    }
-    
-    
 }

TheRepo/TheLabs/Shapes/Bus.cs

@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
-using LearnOpenTK.Common;
-using OpenTK.Mathematics;
-
-namespace TheLabs.Shapes;
-
-public class Bus
-{
-    private Mesh _wheelMesh;
-    private RenderObject _wheelObject;
-    
-    private Texture _wheelTexture;
-    private Shader _wheelShader;
-    private Texture _bodyTexture;
-
-    public Bus(Texture texture, Shader shader)
-    {
-        _wheelTexture = new Texture("Textures/rubber.jpg");
-        _wheelShader = shader;
-        
-        _bodyTexture = new Texture("Textures/rust.png");
-    }
-    
-    public void DrawWheel(Matrix4 view, Matrix4 projection, Vector3 position)
-    {
-        Matrix4 localTransform = Matrix4.Identity;
-        //Matrix4 comboTransform = localTransform * _wheelObject.Transform;
-
-        _wheelMesh = ShapeFactory.CreateTexturedCylinder();
-        _wheelObject = new RenderObject(_wheelMesh, _wheelShader, _wheelTexture);
-        
-        // Front Left Wheel
-        _wheelObject.Position = new Vector3(position);
-        _wheelObject.Scale = new Vector3(0.3f, 0.1f, 0.2f);
-        _wheelObject.Rotation = Quaternion.FromAxisAngle(Vector3.UnitX, MathHelper.DegreesToRadians(90.0f));
-        
-        _wheelObject.Draw(view, projection);
-        
-    }
-    
-    public void drawBody(Matrix4 view, Matrix4 projection)
-    {
-        Mesh bodyMesh = ShapeFactory.CreateTexturedCube();
-        RenderObject bodyObject = new RenderObject(bodyMesh, _wheelShader, _bodyTexture);
-        
-        bodyObject.Position = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
-        bodyObject.Scale = new Vector3(1.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f);
-        
-        bodyObject.Draw(view, projection);
-    }
-
-    private void drawRoof(Matrix4 view, Matrix4 projection)
-    {
-        Mesh roofMesh = ShapeFactory.CreateTexturedCylinder();
-        RenderObject roofObject = new RenderObject(roofMesh, _wheelShader, _bodyTexture);
-        
-        roofObject.Position = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.25f, 0.0f);
-        roofObject.Scale = new Vector3(0.5f, 1.5f, .25f);
-        
-        roofObject.Rotation = Quaternion.FromAxisAngle(Vector3.UnitY, MathHelper.DegreesToRadians(90.0f));
-        roofObject.Rotation *= Quaternion.FromAxisAngle(Vector3.UnitX, MathHelper.DegreesToRadians(90.0f));
-        
-
-        
-        roofObject.Draw(view, projection);
-    }
-
-    public void DrawBus(Matrix4 view, Matrix4 projection)
-    {
-        // Drawing 4 wheels
-        float xOffset = 0.4f; // Reduced to bring wheels closer to the body
-        float zOffset = 0.28f; // Reduced to bring front and back wheels closer
-        float yOffset = -0.3f; // Adjusted to ensure wheels touch the body
-        
-        // Drawing 4 wheels
-        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
-        {
-            float xPosition = (i % 2 == 0) ? -xOffset : xOffset; // Left or Right
-            float zPosition = (i < 2) ? zOffset : -zOffset;      // Front or Back
-
-            DrawWheel(view, projection, new Vector3(xPosition, yOffset, zPosition));
-        }
-        
-        // Drawing the body
-        drawBody(view, projection);
-        // Drawing the roof
-        drawRoof(view, projection);
-    }
-    
-
-}